China Household Appliances Association
Ngo-2021, umthelela wobhubhane lwe-COVID-19 waqhubeka.Imboni yemishini kagesi ibhekane nezinselelo eziningi, njengesidingo esibi semakethe yasekhaya, ukukhuphuka kwamanani entengo yezinto ezingavuthiwe, ukukhuphuka kwezindleko zezokuthutha zamazwe ngamazwe, ukuvinjwa kokuthengwa kwempahla, kanye nokwazisa kwe-renminbi.Noma kunjalo, imboni yemishini yasendlini yaseShayina yanqoba ubunzima futhi yaqhubekela phambili, yabonisa ukukhuthazela okuqinile kwentuthuko.Imali engenayo yebhizinisi eyinhloko yonyaka ifinyelele ukukhula okusheshayo, ikakhulukazi umthamo wokuthekelisa weqa uphawu lwezigidigidi eziyi-100 zamaRandi.Imboni yezinto zikagesi zasekhaya yaseShayina ibambelela emgwaqeni wentuthuko yezinga eliphezulu futhi iqhubekela phambili ibheke emgomweni wokuba “umholi ekusungulweni kwezinto ezintsha zesayensi nezobuchwepheshe ezinsizeni zasekhaya”.
Ukukhula okuqhubekayo ebunzimeni, okuqhutshwa izigaba ezintsha
Ukusebenza kwemboni yemishini yasendlini yaseChina ngo-2021 kunezici ezimbalwa:
1.Imali engenayo yemboni ikhule ngokushesha.Imali engenayo yebhizinisi eyinhloko embonini yezinto zikagesi zasendlini ngo-2021 yayingama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.73, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngonyaka ngo-15.5%, okuqhutshwa ikakhulukazi isisekelo esiphansi ngesikhathi esifanayo sika-2020 kanye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe.
2.Izinga lokukhula kwenzuzo beliphansi kakhulu kunemali engenayo, nenzuzo yama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-121.8, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngo-4.5%.Izinto eziningi ezifana nenqwaba yezinto ezisetshenziswayo, ukuthunyelwa kanye nezinga lokushintshisana kube nomthelela omubi enzuzweni yebhizinisi.
3.Imakethe yasekhaya iphansi uma kuqhathaniswa, futhi ukukhula kwemakethe yemikhiqizo yendabuko kubuthakathaka, kodwa kuningi okuvelele, okuboniswa ekuthuthukisweni okuqhubekayo kwesakhiwo somkhiqizo kanye nokuduma kwempahla yasendlini yekhwalithi ephezulu emakethe;Ngaphezu kwalokho, okomisa izingubo, izitofu ezididiyelwe, iziwasha, iziwasha zaphansi, amarobhothi ashanela phansi nezinye izigaba ezisafufusa zikhuphuka ngokushesha.
4.Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kuyadlondlobala.Izinzuzo zalo lonke uchungechunge lwemboni yomkhakha wezinto zikagesi zasendlini yaseShayina, okuhambisana nokwanda kwesidingo samahhovisi asekhaya emhlabeni wonke kanye nomthelela wokushintshaniswa kokukhiqizwa kwamaShayina, kugcine ama-oda okuthekelisa ezinkampani zasekhaya egcwele ngokuqhathaniswa.Imininingwane yeCustoms ikhombisa ukuthi ngo-2021, imboni yemishini yasendlini yaseChina yagqekeza okokuqala ngqa ku-$100 billion, yafinyelela ku-$104.4 billion, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngama-24.7%.
Beka ingcindezi kathathu kusenesikhathi
Umqedazwe wembulunga yonke usasabalala, futhi impumelelo enhle kakhulu yenziwe ekuvimbeleni nasekulawuleni ubhubhane lwasekhaya, kodwa ukuqubuka okuphindaphindwayo kwezinga elincane nokuvame ukuqubuka kusathinta isigqi sokusimama komnotho wasekhaya.Izingcindezi ezintathu zokuncipha kwesidingo, ukushaqeka kanye nokuntengayo okulindelwe okuvezwe engqungqutheleni enkulu yomsebenzi wezomnotho ngo-2021 zikhona embonini yemishini yasendlini.
Ukucindezela kokuncishiswa kwesidingo: isidingo semakethe yasekhaya sibuthakathaka, futhi kukhona ukukhula okubuyisela kuphela engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2021. Kusukela engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka, izinga lokukhula liye lehla kakhulu, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yasendlini kusobala ngaphansi kwengcindezi. .Ngokusho kwedatha ye-Aowei, izinga lokudayisa lemakethe yezinto zikagesi zasendlini ngo-2021 lalingama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-760.3, okuwukukhuphuka konyaka ngo-3.6%, kodwa kwehle ngo-7.4% uma kuqhathaniswa no-2019. Njengamanje, ubhubhane lwasekhaya seluphindekile kusukela. ngezikhathi ezithile, futhi ukuvimbela nokulawula kungene ekujwayelekile, okuthinta ukuziphatha kwabathengi nokuzethemba.
Ingcindezi yokushaqeka kokuhlinzekwa kwempahla: lolu bhubhane luholele ekuvinjweni kochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla emhlabeni wonke, amanani entengo aphezulu ezimpahla zokusetshenziswa kanye nokuthutha, ukusetshenziswa okuqinile kukagesi wezimboni, kanye nomthelela wokubonga kwe-RMB.Ukukhula kwemali engenayo kanye nenzuzo yamabhizinisi amaningi kagesi asekhaya kwehlile, inzuzo isiphinde yacindezelwa, futhi umkhuba okhulayo wamanani wezinto ezingavuthiwe wehlile muva nje.
Ukucindezela okulindelekile okuba buthaka: kusukela ngekota yesithathu ka-2021, ukukhula komnotho wasekhaya, ikakhulukazi ukukhula kokusetshenziswa, kubonise izimpawu zokwehla.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokusimama kancane komnotho womhlaba, ukuncishiswa kwama-oda okudluliselwa, izinga lokukhula kokuthekelisa kwempahla yasendlini kwamanye amazwe lehla inyanga nenyanga, kanti ukusebenza kwemishini yasendlini kubonise umkhuba wokuba phezulu ngaphambi naphansi ngemva kwalokho.Ngo-2022, ngemva kweminyaka emibili yokukhula okuphezulu, isidingo samazwe ngamazwe asiqiniseki.
Ekuqaleni kuka-2022, umthelela walolu bhubhane usaqhubeka.Lo bhubhane iminyaka emibili ilandelana ube nomthelela omkhulu ezimbonini eziningi.Ukusebenza kwamabhizinisi amaningi, ikakhulukazi amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi, kunzima, imali engenayo yabahlali iyathinteka, amandla okusebenzisa ayancipha, ukuzethemba kokusetshenziswa akwanele, futhi ingcindezi yokufunwa kokusetshenziswa emakethe yasekhaya isenkulu.Yize iWorld Health Organisation kanye nochwepheshe abathile bokuvikela ubhubhane besanda kuveza izinga elithile lethemba mayelana nokuqeda lolu bhubhane ngo-2022, kusenokungaqiniseki ngokuthi lolu bhubhane lungaphela yini ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi imboni kumele izilungiselele ukubhekana nobunzima obuhlukahlukene. .
Ukuze kusatshalaliswe umsebenzi ngo-2022, ingqungquthela yomsebenzi wezomnotho emaphakathi ihlongoze ukugxila ekuzinziseni imakethe yezomnotho omkhulu, ukuqhubeka nokwenza umsebenzi omuhle emsebenzini “wokuzinza okuyisithupha” kanye “neziqinisekiso eziyisithupha”, ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa ukuncipha kwentela okusha kanye ukuncishiswa kwezindleko zezihloko zemakethe, kujulise uguquko ezindaweni ezibalulekile, kugqugquzele amandla ezimakethe namandla okuqhuba entuthuko, nokusebenzisa izindlela ezigxile emakethe ukuze kugqugquzelwe ukutshalwa kwezimali kokusungulwa kwebhizinisi.Ukuze kusetshenziswe umoya womhlangano, iKhomishini Yentuthuko Nezinguquko kazwelonke isanda kukhipha isaziso sokwenza umsebenzi omuhle ekukhuthazeni ukusetshenziswa kwempahla esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, isekela amabhizinisi afana nempahla yasendlini nefenisha ukuba enze imisebenzi “yokushintsha endala. nezintsha” kanye “nokufaka ezakudala esikhundleni salezo ezishiyiwe”, ukuqinisa ukusakazwa kwabantu nokuchazwa kwezinga lempilo yesevisi ephephile yezinto zikagesi zasendlini, kanye nokukhuthaza ukuvuselelwa okunengqondo kwempahla yasendlini.UMnyango Wezimboni kanye nobuchwepheshe bolwazi ukhiphe isiqondiso sokusheshisa ukwakhiwa kohlelo lwemboni yokukhanya yesimanje (Okusalungiswa ukuze kuphawulwe), ukukhuthaza impumelelo eyinhloko yobuchwepheshe, ukusungulwa nokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo, ukuguqulwa kwedijithali kanye nokukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yasendlini eluhlaza kumshini wasendlini. imboni.Sikholelwa ukuthi ngokusetshenziswa kwezinqubomgomo “zokufuna inqubekelaphambili kuyilapho kugcinwa uzinzo” zengqungquthela yomsebenzi wezomnotho emaphakathi, ingcindezi ephindwe kathathu kulindeleke ukuthi iphele ngo-2022.
Mayelana nokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ngo-2022, sicabanga ukuthi kufanele sinake amaphuzu amathathu alandelayo.Okokuqala, kusukela ekukhuleni okusheshayo kwemikhiqizo efana nemishini yokuwasha phansi ngo-2021, akunzima ukuthola ukuthi ngisho nangaphansi kwesimo sokucindezela okukhulu okuphansi, isidingo semakethe esiqhutshwa izigaba ezintsha kanye nobuchwepheshe obusha kusenamandla.Amabhizinisi kufanele aqhubeke nokuqinisa ukuqanjwa kabusha kwezobuchwepheshe, ukutadisha isidingo sabathengi kanye nezindawo zobuhlungu bokusetshenziswa, futhi njalo afake amandla amasha ekuthuthukisweni kwezimboni.Okwesibili, ngo-2021, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kweqa uphawu lwama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-100 futhi kwaba phezulu kakhulu iminyaka emibili ilandelana.Kulindeleke ukuthi kube nzima ukuqhubeka nokusebenza ngezinga eliphezulu ngo-2022, kanti nengcindezi yokwehla izokhula.Amabhizinisi kufanele aqaphe kakhulu ekuhlelweni kwawo.Okwesithathu, naka iphethini entsha yentuthuko yokukhuthazana kwemijikelezo ephindwe kabili yasekhaya neyamazwe ngamazwe.Ukuchuma okuqhubekayo kwemakethe yabathengi basekhaya eminyakeni yakamuva kuholele ekutheni amanye amabhizinisi abejwayele ukugxila ekuhwebeni kwamanye amazwe aphendukele emakethe yasekhaya.Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi imboni yemishini yasendlini yaseChina yenze umthamo omkhulu osakaza imakethe yomhlaba kuze kube manje.Ukugxila kuphela emakethe eyodwa akukwazi ukuhlangabezana nentuthuko esimeme yemboni.Ngalesi sikhathi, kufanele sinake ngokukhethekile umqondo wokuthuthukiswa kokusakazwa okuphindwe kabili kwasekhaya nakwamanye amazwe.
Ithemba lekusasa eliqhakazile ngokusungula izinto ezintsha
Akufanele kuphela sibhekane nobunzima nezinselele, kodwa futhi siqinise ukuzethemba kwethu.Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umnotho waseShayina uyasimama, futhi izisekelo zentuthuko yesikhathi eside ngeke zishintshe.Ngesikhathi “sohlelo lweminyaka emihlanu”, umjikelezo omusha woguquko kwezesayensi nezobuchwepheshe kanye nezinguquko zezimboni sezithuthuke ngokujulile.Ubuchwepheshe obusha buzokhuthaza izinguquko ezijulile embonini yezokukhiqiza evamile, busheshise ijubane lokusungula izinto ezintsha zebhizinisi, buthule izici zokuhlukaniswa ngezigaba kanye nokwenza kube ngokwakho emakethe yabathengi, futhi kunamathuba amasha okuthuthukisa imboni yemishini yasendlini.
1.Okokuqala, ukusungula izinto ezintsha kwezesayensi nezobuchwepheshe kuzothuthukisa ukuncintisana kwemboni yemishini yasendlini yaseShayina.Ukuqamba okusha kwesayensi nezobuchwepheshe kuwukuphela kwendlela yokuthi imboni yemishini yasendlini yaseShayina ifinyelele ekuthuthukisweni kwekhwalithi ephezulu.Imboni yemishini yasendlini yaseShayina ilwela ukuqinisa ucwaningo oluyisisekelo kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha, futhi yakhe uhlelo olusha olusekelwe ezimakethe zomhlaba kanye nezidingo zabasebenzisi;Lwela ukuthuthukisa ikhono lokusungula elihlanganyelwayo lochungechunge lwezimboni, wenze impumelelo kubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko nobuchwepheshe obuyinhloko, futhi unqobe ubuchwepheshe bebhodi elifushane kanye "nentamo".
2.Okwesibili, ukusetshenziswa kuvame ukuba yimfashini, ubuhlakani, ubumnandi kanye nempilo, futhi izigaba ezisafufusa zizoqhubeka nokukhuphuka.Esikhathini esimaphakathi neside, ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezinga lokukhula kwezindawo zasemadolobheni eChina, ukusheshisa ukukhuthazwa kwenqubomgomo evamile yokuchuma kanye nokwandiswa kwenhlalakahle yomphakathi njengempesheni kanye nomshwalense wezokwelapha kuzosekela ukukhula kokusetshenziswa kweChina.Ngaphansi komkhuba ojwayelekile wokuthuthukiswa kokusetshenziswa, izinga eliphezulu, okomuntu siqu, imfashini, ntofontofo, ehlakaniphile, enempilo kanye nezinye izigaba ezivelayo kanye nezisombululo zesigcawu ezihambisana ngokunembile nezidingo zabantu abahlukene ngokwesayensi nezobuchwepheshe kanye nokucwaninga kwabathengi kuzokhula ngokushesha futhi amandla amakhulu okushayela imakethe yabathengi.
3.Okwesithathu, ukwanda komhlaba wonke kwemboni yemishini yasendlini yaseShayina kubhekene namathuba amasha entuthuko.Umqedazwe kanye nesimo sohwebo somhlaba wonke esiyinkimbinkimbi nesishintshayo kulethe ukungaqiniseki okuningi ekuthuthukisweni komnotho futhi kube nomthelela ochungechungeni lwamanje lwezimboni zomhlaba wonke kanye nochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla.Kodwa-ke, ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwekhono lokusungula izinto zobuchwepheshe embonini yezinto zikagesi zasekhaya yaseChina, uhlelo oluphelele lochungechunge lokuhlinzeka ngezimboni, izinzuzo eziphambili zoguquko olukhaliphile nolwedijithali, nekhono lokuqonda ukusetshenziswa okuncike kubuchwepheshe obusha kuzosiza ukukhulisa amandla Imikhiqizo yaseChina yezinto zikagesi zasekhaya emakethe yomhlaba.
4.Okwesine, uchungechunge lwemboni yemishini yasendlini luzoguqulwa ngokuphelele lube luhlaza kanye nekhabhoni ephansi.I-China ifake i-carbon peak kanye ne-carbon neutralization ekuhlelweni okuphelele kokwakhiwa kwempucuko yezemvelo.Ngenkathi ihlangabezana nesidingo sabathengi, imboni yempahla yasendlini kufanele iguqule ngokuphelele ibe eluhlaza kanye nekhabhoni ephansi ngokwesakhiwo sezimboni, ukwakheka komkhiqizo kanye nemodi yesevisi.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokusungula izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe kanye nokuphatha, kwenziwe ngcono uhlelo lokukhiqiza uhlaza futhi kuqashelwe ukongiwa kwamandla, ukunciphisa ukungcola kanye nokunciphisa ikhabhoni kuyo yonke inqubo;Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokusungula izinto ezintsha eziqhubekayo, wandise ukunikezwa okusebenzayo kwemikhiqizo eluhlaza nekhabhoni ephansi, ukhulume nomqondo wokusetshenziswa kwekhabhoni eluhlaza nephansi, futhi usize indlela yokuphila eluhlaza nekhabhoni ephansi.
5.Okwesihlanu, imboni yemishini yasendlini izosheshisa ukuguqulwa kwedijithali futhi ithuthukise izinga lokukhiqiza ngobuhlakani.Ukuhlanganiswa okujulile ne-5g, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, idatha enkulu, i-edge computing nobunye ubuchwepheshe obusha ukuze kuzuzwe ukuthuthukiswa okuphelele ekuphatheni, ukusebenza kahle kanye nekhwalithi kuwukuthuthuka komkhakha wezinto zikagesi zasendlini kanye nenye yezinjongo “zohlelo lweminyaka emihlanu lwe-14” imboni.Njengamanje, ukuthuthukiswa nokuguqulwa kokwenziwa ngobuhlakani kwamabhizinisi ezinto zikagesi zasendlini kuthuthuka ngokushesha.
Emibonweni eyisiqondiso ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni yemishini yasendlini yaseShayina phakathi nesikhathi soHlelo Lweminyaka Emihlanu, i-China Household Appliance Association iphakamise ukuthi umgomo usuwonke wokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yemishini yasendlini yaseShayina phakathi nesikhathi soHlelo Lweminyaka Eyi-14 uwukuthuthukisa ngokuqhubekayo ukuncintisana emhlabeni jikelele, emisha kanye nomthelela wemboni, futhi sibe umholi wesayensi yezinto zikagesi zasendlini emhlabeni wonke kanye nokuqanjwa kabusha ngo-2025. Naphezu kwazo zonke izinhlobo zobunzima nezinselele ezingalindelekile, sikholelwa ngokuqinile ukuthi inqobo nje uma sinokuzethemba okuqinile futhi sibambelela ekusungulweni okusha, uguquko kanye nezinselele. ukuthuthukisa, sizofeza izinhloso zethu.
China Household Appliances Association
Februwari 2022
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-17-2022